Ikhaya > uhlu lokubonisa
Kubalulekile ukukhetha okulungile umshini wokugaya amabhola ezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezihlukile. Izindleko, ukuqina, amandla okunciphisa ukucindezeleka, kanye nobunzima bezinto zokugaya konke kuyizinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele.
Ubulukhuni bamabhola emidiya yokugaya buyinto eguquguqukayo engathinta izindleko kanye nokukhiqiza kwesigayo. Ubulukhuni obuphansi buyathandeka ngoba bubangela ukuguguleka okuncane kwebhola.
Nakuba ubulukhuni buyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokusebenza, kunezinye izici okumele zicatshangelwe. Ubulukhuni obuphezulu bungadingeka kwezinye izimo ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle. Ubulukhuni obuphezulu bunezinzuzo ezithile, kodwa zincane kakhulu.
Ingxenye enkulu yezindleko eziphelele zokusebenza kokucubungula amaminerali yizindleko zemidiya yokugaya. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ngokuhlakanipha ngenxa yalokho. Isibonelo, ukushintshela ekuhlinzekweni ngobuningi kungakusiza wonge imali eningi futhi kungcono endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi usayizi webhola uyafaneleka. Ubukhulu obunganele bungabangela ukuthi lihlukanise futhi liqede amandla okugaya amabhola amakhulu. umshini wokugaya ilabhorethri.
Insimbi, insimbi, kanye ne-chromium kungenye yezinsimbi ezimbalwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza amabhola okugaya. Kodwa-ke, izinsimbi zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ezivame kakhulu. Esikalini Sokuqina Kwe-Rockwell, zinebanga lobunzima eliphakathi kuka-15 no-66. Izinsimbi zensimbi zisebenza kangcono uma zikhubeka futhi zinokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele ubeke phambili ukutholakala okuphezulu kakhulu kwesigayo kanye nokukhiqiza lapho ukhetha ubulukhuni obufanele bamabhola okugaya. Isilinganiso sokuchoboza esiphansi singaba ngcono ngokuphindwe kayi-10,000 kunesilinganiso sokuchoboza esiphezulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, ibhola le-chromium ephezulu kakhulu lingaba nesilinganiso sokuchoboza.
Kubalulekile ukukhetha amabhola okugaya anobulukhuni obufunwayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa insimbi ephothiwe noma insimbi ehlanganisiwe. Ubulukhuni obufanele bebhola bungahlolwa kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni obuvela phezulu kuya phansi, ukuhlolwa kokuwa, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kungenye yalezi zivivinyo.
Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhola olukhiqizwa abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene lunephrofayili yokuqina ehlukile. Enye yalezi yi:
Amabhola amancane, njengalawo anobubanzi obungu-127 mm (5 in.), angahlukana abe yi-ball mill, okwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwebhola ngo-12% kuya ku-15%. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi amandla okugaya e-mill alahleke ngomkhawulo omkhulu.
Amabhola athambile angabangela ukuthuthuka okungu-6% kwesilinganiso se-t/rate yesigayo, kuye ngohlobo lwesigayo. Kodwa-ke, amabhola athambile angase futhi aphazamise ukuqina kanye nokumelana nokukhathala okubangelwa ukushaqeka.
Uhlobo lokugaya olusetshenziswa ukugaya izinto zibe yizinhlayiya ezincane luyi-ball mill. Amabhola ensimbi, e-ceramic, noma erabha asetshenziswa enkambisweni yokugaya. Lawa mabhola angakhiqizwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, kodwa ngokuvamile ayakhiwa.
Imakethe igcwele izinhlobo eziningi zamabhola okugaya. Amanye enziwe ngerabha, i-ceramic, kanye nensimbi engagqwali. Amanye enziwe ngensimbi eyenziwe ngobumba, evame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni usimende. Ukusetshenziswa okubiza kakhulu kusebenzisa izinto ezahlukene, njenge-zirconia f.
Ingxubevange yensimbi isetshenziselwa ukwenza enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamabhola okugaya. Anezinga eliphansi lokuguguleka kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuklwebheka. Ungathenga lawa mabhola cishe nganoma yisiphi isayizi.
I-zirconia milling media kulindeleke ukuthi ibize kakhulu futhi iphile isikhathi eside kune-tungsten carbide. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ezingcolisayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ayikho into yokugaya engagugi. Ngisho noma i-zirconia milling media ihlala isikhathi eside, ekugcineni idinga ukushintshwa.
Ungathenga i-carbon steel shot media uma ufuna ikhambi elishibhile. Kodwa lolu hlobo lwe-media luvame ukushiya insalela engcolile nemnyama.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina komthelela kuyithuluzi eliwusizo lokuthola ukuthi amabhola akho azohlala isikhathi esingakanani. Kulezi zivivinyo, amabhola ahlikihlwa entweni ephansi ukuze kulinganiswe ukuqina kwawo.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya okune-high-impact semi-autogenous (SAGD), amabhola avame ukuphuka. Ngenhlanhla, ulwelwesi oluthuthukisiwe kakhulu lunganciphisa amandla okushayisana.
Naphezu kokuthi umshini wokugaya ibhola ususetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi, uye wathuthukiswa kakhulu ekuklanyweni nasekukhiqizweni. Phakathi kwawo kukhona umshini wokuhlola ukukhathala ovaliwe one-lift conveyor kanye nelungu lomhlahlandlela elinwebeka phezulu ukuze umshini wokugaya impuphu ecolekile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo se-metallographic, okubheka ukuba khona kwezigaba ze-ductile, kungenye indlela ethakazelisayo yokuhlola. Ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni be-volumetric kuyinqubo ewusizo futhi elula, uma siyifingqa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi lokhu kuhlolwa akubonisi ikhono langempela lamabhola lokubekezelela ukuphuka. Ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe okungenani izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye kuya kweziyishumi nambili ukuze kutholakale imiphumela ethembekile.
Ukwehliswa kosayizi okufinyelelwe kunikeza isilinganiso sobuningi bomthelela wamabhola okugaya aqeda ukucindezeleka. Izinduku ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-3 zivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-ball mill, futhi zenziwe ngensimbi ye-manganese. Emaphethelweni onke, zifakwa kuma-trunnion angenalutho ahamba ngama-bearings azilungisayo.
Kokubili ukugaya okumanzi nokomile kungenziwa ezigayweni zamabhola. Zizuzisa kokubili imisebenzi emincane nekhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo. Egayweni lamabhola elivamile, izinto zingagaywa zibe yi-5 mm, kanti ezingama-40 mm zingacutshungulwa ezitshalweni ezinkulu. Lezi zigay ngokuvamile zinefreyimu yensimbi kanye nama-motor amabili avamile e-squirrel-cage aqhuba ama-roller enjoloba.
Usayizi omncane kakhulu yilapho ukugaya kwenzeka khona ngempumelelo enkulu. Ezimweni eziningi, i-ore eqinile iyagaywa kuqala, bese kuba phakathi nendawo, bese kuba osayizi abancane. Izingcezu ezinkulu ze-ore zivame ukuhlala phansi kwekhoni kanye namabhola amakhulu. Lokhu kwandisa indawo yokugaya, okubangela umkhiqizo ogaywe ngokulinganayo.
Ukushisela kabili kuveza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvuza akuseyona into engenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunikeza amandla esakhiwo akhuphukile.
Ukuchoboza kwesigaba esisodwa yikho kuphela okudingekayo ezitshalweni ezincane zokugaya. Izitshalo ezinkulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zivame ukusebenzisa izigaba eziningi zokuchoboza okuqinile nokuncane. Manje sezingakwazi ukukhipha amaminerali ahlobene kakhulu ngenxa yalokho. Ngokufanayo nalokhu, ukugaya kabusha kuvame ukudingeka ngoba izifunda eziningi zokugaya zidinga ukuvuselelwa kwemikhiqizo evamile.
Naphezu kokuthi ayikho i-ball mill engaphula idwala libe izingxenye zalo, ukusebenzisa eyodwa kunezinzuzo eziningi. I-grinding mill, isibonelo, ingasungulwa ukuze iphathe izinhlobo ezahlukene zobukhulu bokuphakelayo, futhi umklamo ungashintshwa ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zesicelo esithile. Zingasetshenziswa futhi ekugayeni kwe-batch, okuqhubekayo, noma okungapheli, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi.
Ama-radial clamp bar asiza ekugcineni ama-grate evulekile emabhola kanye ne-diaphragm ephakamisa izinga le-pulp yizici ezengeziwe okufanele uzicabangele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izigayo zifaka phakathi i-grate discharge. Lokhu kungaba usizo ezinhlotsheni ezithile zama-ore, ikakhulukazi lawo anezinhlawulo eziningi kuwo. umshini wokugaya oqondile.
Indawo yokugaya ingenye yezingxenye ezibiza kakhulu zenqubo yokugaya. Kweminye imboni, imelela u-40u201345% wezindleko zizonke zokugaya.
Ukonga izindleko kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa indlela yokugaya efanele. I-grinding media ehlala isikhathi eside izosiza futhi ukugcina izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni ziphansi. Kodwa ayikho i-grinding engagugi. Izinga lokuguguleka lithintwa yizinto eziningana eziguquguqukayo. Ubukhulu be-grinding ethile kufanele bube bukhulu kunobo bezinto ezigayiwe.
Intengo yendlela yokugaya izoncika nasohlotsheni lwenqubo yokugaya oyisebenzisayo. Izinqubo zokugaya ezi-semi-autogenous, autogenous, kanye nezivamile ziyizinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zokugaya. Ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinselelo ezihlukile.
Ukugaya okuzimele ngokuphelele, njengomfanekiso, kunezindleko zokusebenza eziphansi kanye nezindleko ezinkulu. Nokho, akutholakali kabanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo oluzimele kancane, uhlelo oluzimele ngokuphelele lungaba nenkomba yokusetshenziswa kweyunithi ephansi.
Ngokuvamile, ngaphansi kuka-50% wevolumu yegumbi lokugaya kufanele kube usayizi wokuqala wokudla kwendawo yokugaya. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezinkulu zingahlukaniswa yizinto ezincane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugaya izinhlayiya ezincane kungase kusebenze kangcono uma usebenzisa izinto ezinobuningi obukhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kwe-ore, izici zedwala, kanye ne-mineology ye-ore kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa uhlelo lokushintsha. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi uhlelo lokushintsha luyakwazi yini ukuletha ukusebenza okufiselekayo, noma kunjalo.
Izimboni eziningi, okuhlanganisa nezimayini kanye ne-metallurgy, zisebenzisa i-grinding media. Isikhathi esiningi, ukugaya kuyinqubo engasebenzi kahle futhi edinga amandla amaningi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha indlela efanele yokugaya umsebenzi uma ufuna inqubo ihambe kahle.
Amabhola okugaya, izinto zobumba, kanye namabhola okugaya ensimbi kungenye yezindlela zokugaya ezithandwa kakhulu. Izinto ezahlukene zidinga izindlela ezahlukene zokugaya. Ngenhlanhla, i-Kemcore inikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo yezindlela zokugaya. Imikhiqizo yabo yakhelwe ukuletha ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, ukuqina, kanye nokuthembeka.
Ngo-2028, kulindeleke ukuthi imakethe yomhlaba wonke yemidiya yokugaya izoba yi-USD 11570 million. Ngesikhathi sokubikezela, kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ku-CAGR yamaphesenti angu-2.5 ngonyaka ka-2028. umshini wokugaya elebhu.
Imakethe yemidiya yokugaya kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule njengoba abadlali ababalulekile bethatha amasu okuncintisana anolaka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko unikeza ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezitayela kanye nezici zentuthuko.
I-Tencan iyisikhungo sokukhiqiza esihlanganisa amamitha-skwele angu-20,000, kanye nesikhungo se-R&D esihlanganisa amamitha-skwele angu-22,000. I-Tencan futhi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zezingxenye ezisele nezinye izesekeli. I-Tencan izokwanelisa wonke amakhasimende ngokugcwele. I-Tencan ithole amalungelo obunikazi angaphezu kuka-30 futhi isebenza nodokotela abangu-20 bamanyuvesi amahlanu adumile.
Ibhizinisi eliyinhloko lenkampani ukukhiqiza imishini yempuphu, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nezinto zempuphu. Imikhiqizo yethu eyinhloko okwamanje ihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zezigayo zebhola ezisetshenziswa elebhu, imishini yokuchoboza nokugaya, imishini yokuhlola, imishini yokuxuba nokuhlanganisa, kanye neminye imishini yelebhu efana namabhokisi amagilavu, kanye neminye imishini yocwaningo lwesayensi.
Le nkampani iqinisekiswe yi-ISO9001, CE, SGS kanye nezinye izitifiketi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inama-patents angaphezu kuka-40 avikelwe amalungelo obunikazi obuzimele. Uhulumeni uyiqaphe njengebhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eliseSifundazweni saseHunan.
Amakhasimende amakhulu amanyuvesi, izikhungo zocwaningo, kanye namabhizinisi asekelwe kwezobuchwepheshe. Sikhonza amakhasimende angaphezu kuka-20000 emazweni angu-60 futhi sithumele kwamanye amazwe angaphezu kuka-60.
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